Independent Order of Odd Fellows

The Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF) is an international fraternal organization founded in the United States as a national representation of the Odd Fellows movement. It was established on April 26, 1819, in Baltimore, Maryland, by Thomas Wildey and several others from England. Initially, the organization was chartered by the Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity but became independent in 1842[2][3].

History

The Odd Fellows movement itself has roots in 18th-century England, where it evolved as a fraternal organization dedicated to mutual support among its members. The name "Odd Fellows" reflects the unusual nature of their altruistic endeavors during a time when such cooperative efforts were uncommon[4]. Thomas Wildey, who had previously been a member of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in England, played a critical role in founding the American branch[2].

In 1842, the American Odd Fellows formally separated from the Manchester Unity due to disagreements over authority and governance. The following year, they officially adopted the name Independent Order of Odd Fellows[3]. This transition marked a significant step towards forming a distinct identity for the organization in the United States.

Purpose and Activities

The IOOF is guided by the principles of Friendship, Love, and Truth, which are symbolized by the "Triple Links." These principles have guided the organization's charitable work and community support. The IOOF's activities focus on "Visiting the sick, relieving the distressed, burying the dead, and educating the orphan," reflecting a strong commitment to social welfare and philanthropy[2][4].

Membership and Structure

The IOOF became the first national fraternity in the United States to include women when it introduced the "Beautiful Rebekah Degree" in 1851, an auxiliary organization known as the Daughters of Rebekah[1][4]. In 2001, the organization opened its membership to all genders, solidifying its co-educational and inclusive approach[5].

The IOOF operates with a structured hierarchy, including a Sovereign Grand Lodge that oversees the international network of lodges. The organization has approximately 10,000 lodges in 26 countries, with about 600,000 members worldwide[2].

Legal Status

The IOOF is recognized as a non-profit fraternal benefit society under section 501(c)(8) of the U.S. tax code, which allows it to support charitable activities and mutual aid among its members while maintaining tax-exempt status[2].

Conclusion

The Independent Order of Odd Fellows continues to play a significant role in promoting community service and fraternal fellowship globally, with a rich history that underscores its commitment to charitable causes and social unity.