Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the USA

The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks (BPOE), commonly known as the Elks Lodge or simply The Elks, is a fraternal organization and nonprofit in the United States. Founded in 1868 in New York City, it has evolved into a nationwide brotherhood dedicated to community service, patriotism, and mutual aid.

History

The BPOE was established by actor Charles Algernon Sidney Vivian on February 16, 1868. Originally a social club for minstrel show performers known as the "Jolly Corks," it transformed into a fraternal order after a member's death highlighted the need for mutual support. By December 1868, it adopted the name Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. The elk was chosen as the symbol after a vote between the elk and the buffalo. The organization grew rapidly, with 173 lodges by 1890.

Membership

To become a member, individuals must be U.S. citizens over 21, believe in God, be of good character, and not participate in anti-government activities. Historically, the BPOE was exclusive, barring women and minorities until the late 20th century. However, in 1995, it began admitting women, and in 1972, it opened membership to African Americans and other minorities.

Pillars

The BPOE upholds four core principles: Charity, Justice, Brotherly Love, and Fidelity. These pillars guide its philanthropic efforts, which include supporting veterans, youth through programs like the "Hoop Shoot" contest, disaster relief, and community programs. The organization is also known for its patriotic activities and observances, such as celebrating Flag Day.

Philanthropy

The Elks are a significant contributor to charitable causes, disbursing over $3.6 billion in cash, goods, and services throughout their history. Annually, they donate over $200 million to various initiatives, including college scholarships and civic programs, making them one of the largest private providers of college scholarships in the nation.

Organization

The organization operates over 1,900 local lodges across the United States. Each lodge is governed by an Exalted Ruler, and members participate in formal rituals and traditions, including the nightly "Hour of Recollection" toast to absent members. The Elks have maintained a strong connection with American patriotism, promoting civil defense programs and conducting bond drives.

Traditions and Symbols

The Elks' colors are royal purple and white. An altar adorned with the Holy Bible is a central feature in every lodge. The organization's symbol, the elk, represents strength, majesty, and readiness to defend its own, aligning with the values of the BPOE.

Legacy and Impact

Through its extensive network, the BPOE has created a lasting impact on communities nationwide. It has responded to major disasters like the 1871 Chicago fire and the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The Elks continue to support veterans and youth, contributing significantly to the social fabric of the United States.

Comparison with Similar Organizations

The Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World (IBPOEW), established in 1897, was modeled after the BPOE but was formed to serve African Americans who were denied membership in the white Elks organization. The IBPOEW also emphasizes charity and community service and has a significant presence with over 500,000 members worldwide.