Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks of the USA

The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the USA (BPOE) is a fraternal organization and nonprofit in the United States. It was founded in 1868 in New York City as a club for minstrel show performers and evolved into a national brotherhood emphasizing community service, patriotism, and mutual aid.

History

The BPOE was established by Charles Algernon Sidney Vivian, a British expatriate and member of the Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes. Initially named "Jolly Corks," the group adopted the name Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks by December 1868. The organization chose the elk as its symbol due to the animal's strength and majesty, symbolizing support for members in need. The founding members were entertained by social gatherings but soon decided to include a more noble purpose, supporting both their members and the wider community in times of need[1][2].

Pillars and Activities

The BPOE is guided by four pillars: Charity, Justice, Brotherly Love, and Fidelity. It is renowned for its philanthropic programs, including support for veterans, youth scholarships (notably the "Hoop Shoot" contest), and disaster relief efforts. The organization has been involved in various patriotic activities, such as conducting bond drives and promoting civil defense programs[1].

Membership

To join the BPOE, one must be a U.S. citizen over 21 years old, a believer in God, and of good character. Historically exclusive, the BPOE began admitting women in 1995 and minorities in the 1970s[1][4].

Structure and Symbols

Each Elks Lodge is governed by an Exalted Ruler, similar to the Worshipful Master in Masonic Lodges. Members wear formal regalia during rituals. The colors of the BPOE are Royal Purple and White, with the elk serving as its symbol. The organization holds a nightly "Hour of Recollection" toast to honor absent members[2][4].

Relationship with Other Organizations

The BPOE is independent but has counterparts such as the Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World (IBPOEW), which was formed in 1898 for African Americans who were denied membership in the BPOE at that time[2][5]. The BPOE also has a Canadian counterpart, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of Canada, though it is not affiliated with the American organization[3].

Today

The BPOE operates over 1,900 local lodges across the United States and claims more than 750,000 members. It continues to engage in widespread community service and charitable functions, maintaining its status as one of the most respected fraternal organizations in the U.S.[1].