Born on this day in 1912, Australian astrophysicist Ruby Payne-Scott was the world's first female radio astronomer. She worked throughout WW2 on secret radar investigations to track aircrafts, helped discover the role of sun spots, and was a staunch advocate for women's rights. Her scientific career ended due to laws forbidding married women to work within public service. (fb)

The inspiration for the book (and movies) Cheaper by the Dozen, Gilbreth was a time and motion efficiency pioneer in the workplace. But when her husband and business partner died and their clients deserted her, she switched course and used her skills to revolutionize kitchen design - all while raising eleven children on her own! (fb)