Civil Air Patrol

The Civil Air Patrol (CAP) is a federally supported nonprofit organization that serves as the civilian auxiliary of the United States Air Force (USAF). It was founded on December 1, 1941, by Administrative Order 9, with Major General John F. Curry as its first national commander. The organization's primary purpose during World War II was to utilize civilian aviation resources to support the war effort, including border and coastal patrols, anti-submarine warfare, and courier services.

Origins and Early Years

The concept of Civil Air Patrol originated in the late 1930s with Gill Robb Wilson, an aviation advocate who envisioned mobilizing civilian aviators for national defense. This idea was shared by other aviation enthusiasts, leading to the formation of various civilian aviation units across the United States. Wilson's proposal for a national organization, supported by New York Mayor Fiorello H. LaGuardia, was approved in 1941, leading to the creation of CAP. Existing civilian aviation units soon merged under the CAP banner.

During World War II, CAP played a significant role in supporting military operations. It conducted coastal patrols along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts, deterring and reporting enemy submarine operations. CAP members also engaged in various other missions, including aircraft warning, liaison duties, and disaster relief. Despite their efforts, no CAP aircraft were credited with sinking enemy submarines, although they did contribute to the disruption of enemy activities.

Post-War Development

Following World War II, the Civil Air Patrol was incorporated as a nonprofit organization in 1946 through Public Law 79-476. This legislation established CAP as a benevolent organization, ensuring it would not engage in direct combat activities. In 1948, CAP was designated as the civilian auxiliary of the newly formed United States Air Force under Public Law 80-557.

Since its incorporation, CAP has focused on three core mission areas:

• Emergency Services: CAP is responsible for conducting search and rescue operations, disaster relief efforts, and supporting homeland security missions.
• Aerospace Education: The organization provides educational resources and training programs focused on aviation and aerospace topics for its members and the general public.
• Cadet Programs: CAP offers leadership and career development opportunities for youth through its cadet program, which prepares young people for careers in aviation and other fields.

CAP members wear USAF-style uniforms and are tasked with various missions by the Secretary of the Air Force. The organization is part of the USAF's "Total Force" initiative, which includes active duty, reserve, guard, and auxiliary components.

Modern Activities

Civil Air Patrol continues to support the U.S. Air Force and assist in national emergencies, alongside its educational and youth development missions. CAP's activities include airborne photography, disaster response, and participating in international exchanges. The organization remains a vital component of the U.S. defense structure, providing a unique blend of volunteer service and support to both military and civilian communities.