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Northumberland County Historical Society Preserving the history and genealogy of Northumberland County Virginia since 1963 WELCOME to the Northumberland County Historical Society website. Northumberland County Virginia is situated between the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers on a peninsula known as the Northern Neck. Colonists settled in the area which was known by the Indians as Chicacoan circa 1640however settlement was not officially permitted by the Governor and the Virginia Grand Assembly until 1648. It was probably named Northumberland because like Northumberland County England which forms the northern border of England it defined the Northern border of the Virginia Colony.